Legal-judicial translation is the translation of legal and extrajudicial texts from one language-culture to another.
The legal translator, also known as a sworn translator, works within the ambit of a judicial proceeding (civil, or criminal, or administrative at all its stages and acts) and in extrajudicial contexts (administrative procedures, legal transactions, contractual documents).
The translator who works in the legal-judicial field rewrites the text to be translated from the source language to the target language, usually into their native tongue, but also into their other working languages.
The legal-judicial interpreter, also known as a certified or qualified court interpreter or sworn interpreter, is a qualified professional who provides their services upon request of all parties involved, regardless of the nature of the case, within a legal system whose language parties do not know, in compliance with a code of ethics and conduct, in the interest of justice, and with full and conscious respect for the agreements undersigned with legal services and professionals in the legal field.
The legal-judicial interpreter provides their services across all sectors of legal services, from activities related to investigations by law enforcement or customs authorities, from preliminary hearings to lawyer-client meetings, through trials, post-trial procedures, hearings in immigration proceedings, activities related to the execution of European arrest warrants, letters rogatory, and so forth.
The interpreter working in the legal-judicial field plays a role based on orality, which consists in translating a dialogue or statements to and from the target language through the following modes of interpreting: dialogue interpreting, consecutive interpreting, simultaneous interpreting, chuchotage (simultaneous whispered interpreting, from the French chuchoter – to whisper), and sight translation (in the case of written texts).